Orcale Tutorial Content

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Getting Started - البدء مع إدارة قواعد البيانات
  • أنواع مستخدمي قواعد البيانات:
  • مهام مسؤول قاعدة البيانات:
  • SQL Statements:
  • Identifying Your Oracle Database Software Release - تحديد إصدار اوركل
  • About Database Administrator Security and Privileges- أمان وامتيازات مسؤول قاعدة البيانات
  • Database Administrator Authentication - مصادقة مسؤول قاعدة البيانات
  • Creating and Maintaining a Database Password File - إنشاء ملف كلمة المرور
  • Oracle Architectural Components - مكونات قاعدة البيانات أوركل
  • ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • Oracle Instance
  • Oracle Database
  • Installing Oracle Database - تثبيت الأوركل
  • Installing oracle database 10g in windows
  • Creating and Configuring Database - إنشاء قاعدة البيانات
  • ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺩﻭﻴﺔ علي Windows:
  • ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍل(DBCA)
  • About Creating an Oracle Database
  • About Selecting a Character Set
  • Prerequisites for Database Creation
  • Creating a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statement
  • Specifying CREATE DATABASE Statement Clauses
  • Specifying Initialization Parameters
  • Controlling The Database -التحكم في قاعدة البيانات
  • التحكم في قاعدة البيانات - Controlling The Database
  • ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • Opening a Database in Read-Only Mode
  • Opening a Database in Restricted Mode
  • Managing Tablespaces and Data files
  • ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍل: Tablespaces
  • عملي
  • Control File & Redo Log Files
  • Control File
  • ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﻡ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • Redo Log Files
  • Administrating Users - إدارة المستخدمين
  • ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻴﻥ
  • Quota
  • ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ
  • ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺎﺕ - Privileges
  • ROLES
  • PROFILES
  • Database Security & Monitoring - تأمين ومراقبة قاعدة البيانات
  • Database Security
  • ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ - AUDITING
  • Oracle Net Services & Database Link & Metrlized Viewِ
  • Oracle Net Services
  • ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • External Procedures
  • Clients Side
  • Database Link
  • Materialized Views
  • Undo Management & Flashback Technology
  • UNDO MANAGEMENT
  • Flashback Query
  • Flashback Table
  • Flashback Versions Query
  • Flashback Transaction
  • Flashback Drop
  • Flashback Database
  • Managing Shared Servers
  • Why Shared Server
  • Dedicated Server
  • Shared Server Architecture
  • ﻤﺘﻰ ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍل Shared Server ؟
  • Using Globalization Support
  • Globalization
  • ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ وتغيير ﺍل Character Set
  • ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍل Globalization
  • ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍل Zones Time
  • Logical Backup & Recovery
  • Use Export Utilities to Export Data
  • TABLES EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • SCHEMAS EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • TABLESPACE EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • DATABASE EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • Use Import Utilities to Import Data
  • TABLES IMPORT Using Import Utilities
  • SCHEMAS IMPORT Using Import Utilities
  • DATABASE IMPORT Using Import Utilities
  • DATA PUMP
  • TABLES EXPORT Using Data Pump
  • SCHEMAS EXPORT Using Data Pump
  • DATABASE EXPORT Using Data Pump
  • TABLES IMPORT Using Data Pump
  • SCHEMAS IMPORT Using Data Pump
  • DATABASE IMPORT Using Data Pump
  • SQL*Loader
  • Physical Backup & Recovery
  • Physical Backup
  • ﻜﻴﻑ ﻨﻬﻴﺊ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻁ ARCHIVELOG؟
  • Cold Backup
  • Full Database Recovery
  • Loss of a Non-SYSTEM Data File
  • Loss of a SYSTEM Data File
  • Loss of an Un-archived Online Log Files
  • Loss of Control Files
  • Loss Unbackup Datafile
  • Damage Tempfile
  • Damage Temporary Tablespace
  • Damage Online Logfile Member
  • Point in Time Recovery
  • Backup and Recovery Options
  • Hot Backup
  • Recovery Manager (RMAN)
  • مقدمة
  • مكونات ال Recovery Manager (RMAN)
  • ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﺒﺎل RMAN
  • ﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ وأنماط ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﻰ
  • RMAN Configuration Setting
  • Recovery Catalog
  • RMAN Backups
  • Data Files Backup
  • Tablespaces Backup
  • Archived Redo Log Files Backup
  • Control File Backup
  • Database Backup
  • Incremental Backups
  • RMAN Commands
  • Complete Recovery
  • Incomplete Recovery
  • Restore ControlFile and spfile
  • Managing Resources
  • Consumer Groups
  • Resource Manager Plans
  • Resource Manager Configuration
  • Create Consumer Group
  • Update Consumer Group
  • Delete Consumer Group
  • Privileges & Resource Manager
  • Join To Consumer Group
  • Move Active User To Other Consumer Group
  • Create Resource Manager Plans & Directive
  • Update Resource Manager Plans
  • Update Resource Manager Plan Directives
  • Delete Resource Manager Plan Directives
  • Delete Resource Manager Plans
  • Create Simple Plan
  • Consumer Group Mapping
  • Automating Tasks with the Scheduler
  • The Scheduler Architecture
  • Jobs
  • Programs
  • Schedules
  • Using Programs and Schedules
  • Job Classes
  • Windows
  • (Privileges) ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺎﺕ
  • Job Logs
  • Dealing with Locking
  • Shared & Exclusive Locks
  • Manual Lock Table
  • The Enqueue Mechanism
  • Lock Contention
  • Deadlocks
  • Diagnostic Sources
  • Alert Log
  • Background Trace Files
  • Server-Generated Alerts
  • Editing Thresholds
  • User Trace Files
  • Instance-Level SQL Tracing
  • Session-Level SQL Tracing
  • Dealing With Database Corruption
  • Block Corruption
  • ﺍﻜﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﺘل ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺴﺩﺓ (Detecting Block Corruptions)
  • The DBVERIFY Utility
  • The ANALYZE Command
  • DBMS_REPAIR Backage
  • ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺠﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺘل ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺴﺩﺓ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍل:RMAN
  • Managing & Monitoring Memory
  • The System Global Area
  • The Shared Pool
  • The Database Buffer Cache
  • The Default, Keep, and Recycle Pools
  • The Nonstandard Block Size Pools
  • Sizing the Database Buffer Cache
  • The Log Buffer
  • The Large Pool
  • The Java Buffer
  • The Steams Buffer
  • Automatic Shared Memory Management
  • Enable Automatic Shared Memory Management
  • The Program Global Area (PGA)
  • Performance Tunning
  • Invalid Objects
  • Unusable Indexes
  • Rebuild Invalid Inexes
  • Optimizer Statistics
  • Gathering Statistics
  • The Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)
  • The Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)
  • The SQL Tuning Advisor
  • The SQL Access Advisor
  • The Mean Time to Recover Advisor
  • The Segment Advisor
  • The Undo Advisor
  • Logical Backup & Recovery

    SQL*Loader

    ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻨﺎ ﺍلData Pump ﻟﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ ﻭﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﻭﺇﺭﺴﺎل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل ﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻜﺎﻨﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ Oracle proprietary format،

    ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻟﻭ ﺃﺭﺩﻨﺎ ﻨﻘل ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﺭﻜل ﻭﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻴﺴﺕ Oracle proprietary format، ﻫﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍلData Pump ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍلSQL*Loader

    ﻓﻬﻲ ﺘﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻤﻥ ﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ.

    ﺍﻟﺸﻜل اعلاه ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻤل ﺍلSQL*Loader.

     

    1- Input Data Files:

    ﻭﻫﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﻨﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍلSQL*Loader، ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﺴﺎﺭﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلControl File ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﻬﻴﺌﺘﻪ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ

    ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺴﻨﺘﺤﺩﺙ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻻﺤﻘﺎﹰ، ﻜﻤﺎ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﻀﻤﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ ﻨﻘﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلControl File ﻭﻓﻰ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻻ ﻨﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلInput File.

    ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﺤﺩ ﺜﻼﺙ:-

    1- Fixed-record format:-

    ﻭﻫﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻜل ﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻭل، ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﻴﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻗﻠﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ.

    ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻙ ﻤﺜﻼﹰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ:

    Mohammed,ali

    Ahmed,yousif

    Mogahid,omer

    ﻻﺤﻅ ﺃﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ Input File ﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻭل ﻭﺍﻥ ﻁﻭل ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ 12 ﺤﺭﻑ.

     

    2- Variable-record format:

    ﻭﻫﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻜل ﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻭل، ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺃﻱ ﺼﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻑ، ﺃﻱ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺨﺼﻴﺹ ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺼﻑ ﻟﺘﺤﺩﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻑ،

    ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ ﻟﻜﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻗل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺍﻷﻭل.

    ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻙ ﻤﺜﻼﹰ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ:

    014Mohammed,ahmed

    009Ahmed,ali

    010telal,omer

    ﻟﻘﺩ ﺘﻡ ﺤﺠﺯ ﺃﻭل ﺜﻼﺙ ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻑ.

     

    3- Stream-record format:-

    ﻭﻫﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻜل ﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻭل

    ﻭﻻ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ ﻋﻤل ﻤﺴﺢ ﻜﺎﻤل ﻟﻠﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻗﺒل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ،

    ﻟﺫﻟﻙ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻉ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻭﻋﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﻴﻥ ﻟﻜﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺒﻊ ﻴﻘﻠل ﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ.

    ﻟﻡ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻜﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻴﺔ.

     

    2- Control File:

    ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻠﻑ ﻨﺼﻲ ﻴﺘﻡ ﻜﺘﺎﺒﺘﻪ ﻭﺘﻬﻴﺌﺘﻪ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﻤﺩﻴﺭ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ، ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻻﺒﺩ ﻤﻨﻪ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ، ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ

    ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلInput Data ﺃﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺍﺌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ ﺘﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻴﺤﺩﺩ ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻤﺔ.

     

    load data

    infile 'fixed.dat' "fix 14"

    insert into table names fields terminated by ','

    (first,last)

     

    ﻫﺫﺍ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلControl File ﺤﻴﺙ ﺘﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلInput File ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ fixed-record

    ﻭﺍﻥ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ ﺘﺤﻤﻴﻠﻪ 14 ﺤﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻭل ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺭﻑ',' .

    ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻙ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺁﺨﺭ ﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلControl File.

     

    load data

    infile 'names.dat' "var ٣"

    insert into table names

    fields terminated by ','

    (first,last)

     

    ﻻﺤﻅ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﻨﻪ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻜل Variable-record ﻭﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺜﻼﺙ ﺨﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺍﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻭل ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺭﻑ ',' .

    ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻙ ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺃﺨﺭ ﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلControl File.

     

    load data

    infile 'names.dat' "str '\n'"

    insert into table names

    fields terminated by ','

    (first,last)

     

     

    ﻫﻨﺎ ﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺩ ﺘﺤﻤﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺸﻜل Stream-record

    ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺒﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﻭﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺼل ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻭل ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﺭﻑ',' .

     

    3- Log File:

    ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﻠﻑ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺅﻩ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍلSQL Loader، ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﺸﻠﺕ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺴﺘﺘﻭﻗﻑ،

    ﻭﻴﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻭﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺤﺩﺜﺕ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل.

     

    4- Bad File:

    ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ ﺭﻓﻀﻬﺎ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻓﻕ ﻤﻊ ﺤﻘﻭل ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل، ﻓﺄﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل

    ﻭﻋﻨﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﺍﻭل ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻭل ﻓﻴﺘﻡ ﺭﻓﻀﻬﺎ ﻭﺘﺨﺯﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ.

     

    5- Discard File:

    ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺅﻩ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﺫﻟﻙ، ﻭﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍلControl File،

    ﻭﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺃﻨﻪ ﻴﺤﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻡ ﺭﻓﻀﻬﺎ ﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻷﻨﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ ﻤﻊ ﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل.

     

    ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل:

    ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍلSQL*Loader:

    1- Conventional Path Load:

    ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻤﺼﻔﻭﻓﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺠﺩﺍﻭل ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ SQL INSERT statement  ﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ.

    2- :Direct Path Load:

    ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻜﺘل(Blocks) ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﺍﻜﺭﺓ ﻭﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﺤﻔﻅﻬﺎ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍلExtent ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺤﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ.

     

    ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ:

    ﺍﻵﻥ ﻟﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻭﻀﺢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻤﻠﻑ ﻨﺼﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﺭﻜل ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍلSQL*Loader.

    ﻟﻨﻔﺘﺭﺽ ﺃﻨﻨﺎ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻭﺍﺴﻤﻪ c:\name.txt ، ﻻﺤﻅ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜل 3-13 ﻻﺤﻅ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻴﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺘﺔ ﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻥ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻏﻴﺭ ﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻴﺔ

    ﻭﻟﻡ ﻴﺘﻡ ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﻁﻭل ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺘﻬﺎ؛ ﺇﺫﺍﹰ ﺸﻜل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺸﻜل Stream-record، ﻭﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل tname ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺒﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ test.

    ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ: ﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ وجود الجدول في قاعدة البيانات ومن انه لا يحتوي علي بيانات.

     

    CONN TEST/TEST

    DESC TNAME;

    SELECT * FROM TNAME;

     

    ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ: ﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍلControl File.

    ﻻﺤﻅ ﺃﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ INSERT ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻻﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻻ ﻴﺤﻭﻯ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ، ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻴﺤﻭﻯ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻨﻀﻴﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻓﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ APPEND

    ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﻨﺎ ﻨﺭﻴﺩ ﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ ﻓﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ TRUNCATE.

     

    ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ: ﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍلSQL*Loader ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺫ ﺍلControl File.

     

    c:\sqlldr test/test control=c:\name.ctl log=name.log

     

    ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ:ﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﻌﻤل ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺤﻤﻴل ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ.

    ﻋﻤﻭﻤﹰﺎ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﻤﺭﺍﺠﻌﺔ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺤﺔ ﻟلٍَSQL*Loader ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ?- sqlldr

     

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