Orcale Tutorial Content


Getting Started - البدء مع إدارة قواعد البيانات
  • أنواع مستخدمي قواعد البيانات:
  • مهام مسؤول قاعدة البيانات:
  • SQL Statements:
  • Identifying Your Oracle Database Software Release - تحديد إصدار اوركل
  • About Database Administrator Security and Privileges- أمان وامتيازات مسؤول قاعدة البيانات
  • Database Administrator Authentication - مصادقة مسؤول قاعدة البيانات
  • Creating and Maintaining a Database Password File - إنشاء ملف كلمة المرور
    • Oracle Architectural Components - مكونات قاعدة البيانات أوركل
  • ﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • Oracle Instance
  • Oracle Database
    • Installing Oracle Database - تثبيت الأوركل
  • Installing oracle database 10g in windows
    • Creating and Configuring Database - إنشاء قاعدة البيانات
  • ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻁﻴﻁ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺩﻭﻴﺔ علي Windows:
  • ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﺍل(DBCA)
  • About Creating an Oracle Database
  • About Selecting a Character Set
  • Prerequisites for Database Creation
  • Creating a Database with the CREATE DATABASE Statement
  • Specifying CREATE DATABASE Statement Clauses
  • Specifying Initialization Parameters
    • Controlling The Database -التحكم في قاعدة البيانات
  • التحكم في قاعدة البيانات - Controlling The Database
  • ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • ﺇﻏﻼﻕ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • Opening a Database in Read-Only Mode
  • Opening a Database in Restricted Mode
    • Managing Tablespaces and Data files
  • ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻡ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ﻋﻥ ﺍل: Tablespaces
  • عملي
    • Control File & Redo Log Files
  • Control File
  • ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﺍﺴﻡ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • Redo Log Files
    • Administrating Users - إدارة المستخدمين
  • ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻴﻥ
  • Quota
  • ﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ
  • ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺎﺕ - Privileges
  • ROLES
  • PROFILES
    • Database Security & Monitoring - تأمين ومراقبة قاعدة البيانات
  • Database Security
  • ﻤﺭﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ - AUDITING
    • Oracle Net Services & Database Link & Metrlized Viewِ
  • Oracle Net Services
  • ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ
  • External Procedures
  • Clients Side
  • Database Link
  • Materialized Views
    • Undo Management & Flashback Technology
  • UNDO MANAGEMENT
  • Flashback Query
  • Flashback Table
  • Flashback Versions Query
  • Flashback Transaction
  • Flashback Drop
  • Flashback Database
    • Managing Shared Servers
  • Why Shared Server
  • Dedicated Server
  • Shared Server Architecture
  • ﻤﺘﻰ ﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﺍل Shared Server ؟
    • Using Globalization Support
  • Globalization
  • ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ وتغيير ﺍل Character Set
  • ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ ﺍل Globalization
  • ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍل Zones Time
    • Logical Backup & Recovery
  • Use Export Utilities to Export Data
  • TABLES EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • SCHEMAS EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • TABLESPACE EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • DATABASE EXPORT Using Export Utilities
  • Use Import Utilities to Import Data
  • TABLES IMPORT Using Import Utilities
  • SCHEMAS IMPORT Using Import Utilities
  • DATABASE IMPORT Using Import Utilities
  • DATA PUMP
  • TABLES EXPORT Using Data Pump
  • SCHEMAS EXPORT Using Data Pump
  • DATABASE EXPORT Using Data Pump
  • TABLES IMPORT Using Data Pump
  • SCHEMAS IMPORT Using Data Pump
  • DATABASE IMPORT Using Data Pump
  • SQL*Loader
    • Physical Backup & Recovery
  • Physical Backup
  • ﻜﻴﻑ ﻨﻬﻴﺊ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻁ ARCHIVELOG؟
  • Cold Backup
  • Full Database Recovery
  • Loss of a Non-SYSTEM Data File
  • Loss of a SYSTEM Data File
  • Loss of an Un-archived Online Log Files
  • Loss of Control Files
  • Loss Unbackup Datafile
  • Damage Tempfile
  • Damage Temporary Tablespace
  • Damage Online Logfile Member
  • Point in Time Recovery
  • Backup and Recovery Options
  • Hot Backup
    • Recovery Manager (RMAN)
  • مقدمة
  • مكونات ال Recovery Manager (RMAN)
  • ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻉ ﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎل ﺒﺎل RMAN
  • ﺨﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ وأنماط ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻹﺤﺘﻴﺎﻁﻰ
  • RMAN Configuration Setting
  • Recovery Catalog
  • RMAN Backups
  • Data Files Backup
  • Tablespaces Backup
  • Archived Redo Log Files Backup
  • Control File Backup
  • Database Backup
  • Incremental Backups
  • RMAN Commands
  • Complete Recovery
  • Incomplete Recovery
  • Restore ControlFile and spfile
    • Managing Resources
  • Consumer Groups
  • Resource Manager Plans
  • Resource Manager Configuration
  • Create Consumer Group
  • Update Consumer Group
  • Delete Consumer Group
  • Privileges & Resource Manager
  • Join To Consumer Group
  • Move Active User To Other Consumer Group
  • Create Resource Manager Plans & Directive
  • Update Resource Manager Plans
  • Update Resource Manager Plan Directives
  • Delete Resource Manager Plan Directives
  • Delete Resource Manager Plans
  • Create Simple Plan
  • Consumer Group Mapping
    • Automating Tasks with the Scheduler
  • The Scheduler Architecture
  • Jobs
  • Programs
  • Schedules
  • Using Programs and Schedules
  • Job Classes
  • Windows
  • (Privileges) ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺤﻴﺎﺕ
  • Job Logs
    • Dealing with Locking
  • Shared & Exclusive Locks
  • Manual Lock Table
  • The Enqueue Mechanism
  • Lock Contention
  • Deadlocks
    • Diagnostic Sources
  • Alert Log
  • Background Trace Files
  • Server-Generated Alerts
  • Editing Thresholds
  • User Trace Files
  • Instance-Level SQL Tracing
  • Session-Level SQL Tracing
    • Dealing With Database Corruption
  • Block Corruption
  • ﺍﻜﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﺘل ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺴﺩﺓ (Detecting Block Corruptions)
  • The DBVERIFY Utility
  • The ANALYZE Command
  • DBMS_REPAIR Backage
  • ﺍﺴﺘﺭﺠﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﺘل ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺴﺩﺓ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍل:RMAN
    • Managing & Monitoring Memory
  • The System Global Area
  • The Shared Pool
  • The Database Buffer Cache
  • The Default, Keep, and Recycle Pools
  • The Nonstandard Block Size Pools
  • Sizing the Database Buffer Cache
  • The Log Buffer
  • The Large Pool
  • The Java Buffer
  • The Steams Buffer
  • Automatic Shared Memory Management
  • Enable Automatic Shared Memory Management
  • The Program Global Area (PGA)
    • Performance Tunning
  • Invalid Objects
  • Unusable Indexes
  • Rebuild Invalid Inexes
  • Optimizer Statistics
  • Gathering Statistics
  • The Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)
  • The Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)
  • The SQL Tuning Advisor
  • The SQL Access Advisor
  • The Mean Time to Recover Advisor
  • The Segment Advisor
  • The Undo Advisor

    • Creating and Configuring Database - إنشاء قاعدة البيانات

    ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺩﻭﻴﺔ علي Windows:

    ﻗﺒل ﺍﻟﺒﺩﺀ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻨﻨﺎ ﺴﻨﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل windows.

    1-  تحديد إسم الORACLE_SID) Instance) : ﻓﻘﺩ ﻴﻜﻭﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ Instance Oracle علي الخادم الواحد وذلك بإستخدام المتغير ORACLE_SID.

     

    D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0>SET ORACLE_SID=ORCL

     

    2- ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ Oracle Service ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻷﻨﻨﺎ ﻨﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل WINDOWS ﺇﺫ ﻨﺤﺘﺎﺝ لService ﻟﻜل Instance ﺘﻌﻤل ﻓﻲ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل WINDOWS ﻭﻻ ﻴﻠﺯﻤﻨﺎ ﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﻲ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ

    ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل LINUX.

    ﻭﻫﻰ ﺒﺎﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ SERVICE ﻴﺘﻡ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺅﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍلWINDOWS

    D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\DB_1>ORADIM –NEW –SID %ORACLE_SID% -INTPWD PASSWORD –STARTMODE M

    ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻋﻥ ﻁﺭﻴﻕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﺒﺎﻟﺫﻫﺎﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍلٍServices .

     

    3- ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ (Parameter File) ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺒﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ:

    D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.0.0\db_1\database\copy init.ora INITorcl.ora

    ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻜﻨﺎ ﻨﻌﻤل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﻟﻴﻨﻜﺱ (UNIX) ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﺴﻴﻜﻭﻥ:

    $ORACLE_HOME/DBS

     

    ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺒﻊ ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﻤﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭﺍﺕ ﺤﺴﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻁﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺩﻴﺩﺓ، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﺒﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل-:

    CONTROL_FILES = (‘D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\CONTROL01. CTL,

    D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\OBAY\CONTROL02.CT L,

    D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\OBAY\CONTROL03.CT L)

    UNDO_MANAGEMENT = AUTO

    undo_tablespace = ‘UNDO'

    DB_NAME    = ORCL

    DB_BLOCK_SIZE   = 2918

    background_dump_dest = 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\orcl\bdump’

    user_dump_dest = 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\orcl\udump'

    core_dump_dest = 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\orcl\cdump'

     

    4-  ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﺍلInstance ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ NOMOUNT

    5-  ﺍﻵﻥ ﻨﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺈﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ

    create database orcl

    Logfile

    group 1 ('D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\redo1.log') size 10m,

    group 2 ('D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\redo2.log') size 10m,

    group 3 ('D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\redo3.log') size 10m

    datafile

    'd:\orcl\system.dbf' size 50m

    AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

    extent management local sysaux datafile

    'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\sysaux.dbf' size ٠١m

    AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

    undo tablespace undo datafile

    'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\undo.dbf' size 20m

    default temporary tablespace temp tempfile 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCLtemp.dbf' size 20m

    default tablespace userdata١ datafile 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\oradata\ORCL\userdb.dbf' size 10m ;

     

     

    ﻜﻤﺎ ﺫﻜﺭﺕ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎﹰ ﺃﻨﺕ ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﺤﺴﺏ ﻤﺘﻁﻠﺒﺎﺘﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺕ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻜﻤﺎ ﻫﻭ ﻤﺫﻜﻭﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻭﺫﺝ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ , ﻟﻜﻥ ﻻﺒﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ  (SYSAUX & SYSTEM TABLESPACE),

    ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻡ ﺘﻘﻡ ﺒﺫﻟﻙ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻜل ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ﺒﺈﻨﺸﺎﺌﻬﻡ ﻟﻙ.

    ﺇﺫﺍ ﺤﺩﺙ ﺨﻁﺄ ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﺄ ﺴﻴﻜﺘﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ Alert Log ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﺩ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺭ BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST.

    ﺃﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻅﻬﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﺎﻟﺔ 13010-ORA ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﺫﺍ ﻴﻌﻨﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﻟﻴﺱ ﻋﻀﻭﺍﹰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ORA_DBA ﻓﻴﺠﺏ ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺘﻪ الي ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ.

    ﺒﻌﺩ ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ MOUNT ﺍﻭ ﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ ﻟﻼﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ .

     

    6- ﺇﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﺍل Data Dictionary -: ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼل ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ :-

    D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\DB_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\CATALOG.SQL

     

    ﻭﻟﻜﻥ ﻴﺠﺏ ﺘﺸﻐﻴل ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ SYS.

    ﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﻨﺸﻐل ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ :-

    D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\DB_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\CATPROC.SQL

    ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻜل ﺍلStructures ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺒﺔ ﻟﻌﻤل PL/SQL .

    ﻻ ﻴﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﻜﺜﻴرﺍﹰ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل (UNIX)

     

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